Difference Between HIV and AIDS

What Is HIV?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.

Your immune system is your body's defense system. While many viruses can be controlled by the immune system, HIV targets and infects the same immune system cells that are supposed to protect us from germs and illnesses. These cells are a type of white blood cell called CD4 cells (sometimes called T-cells).

Without medication to control the virus, in most cases, HIV takes over CD4 cells and turns them into factories that produce thousands of copies of the virus. As the virus makes copies, it damages or kills the CD4 cells, weakening the immune system. This is how HIV causes AIDS.

What Is AIDS?

AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection.

HIV causes AIDS by attacking CD4 cells, which the immune system uses to protect the body from disease. When the immune system loses too many CD4 cells, you are less able to fight off infection and can develop serious, often deadly, infections. These are called opportunistic infections (OIs).

When someone dies of AIDS, it is usually OIs or other long-term effects of HIV that cause death. AIDS refers to the weakened state of the body’s immune system that can no longer stop OIs.

What Is the Difference Between HIV and AIDS?

The definition of AIDS was established before there was effective treatment for HIV. It indicated that a person was at higher risk for illness or death. It is no longer as relevant because effective treatment means people can stay healthier with low CD4 counts, and someone could have received the AIDS diagnosis years ago even though they are not at higher risk of illness. You do not have AIDS as soon as you are infected with HIV. You can live with HIV (be HIV+) for many years with no signs of disease, or only mild-to-moderate symptoms. People living with HIV and taking HIV drugs as prescribed have a very low risk of progressing to AIDS. But without treatment, HIV will eventually wear down the immune system in most people to the point that they have low numbers of CD4 cells and develop OIs.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies someone as having AIDS if she or he is living with HIV and has one or both of these conditions:

• At least one AIDS-defining condition (see our list of AIDS Defining Conditions)
• A CD4 cell count of 200 cells or less (a normal CD4 count is about 500 to 1,500)

People with AIDS can rebuild their immune system with the help of HIV drugs and live a long healthy life. Even if your CD4 cell count goes back above 200 or an OI is successfully treated, you will still have a diagnosis of AIDS. This does not necessarily mean you are sick or will get sick in the future. It is just the way the public health system counts the number of people who have had advanced HIV disease.

Health Nutrition and HIV/AIDS

OIC International's Health, Nutrition and HIV/AIDS programs give wellbeing instruction and palliative consideration to guarantee that people and groups have the information and assets to lead sound lives. We center our endeavors on groups where ailing health is high and the requirement for family arranging, regenerative wellbeing and HIV/AIDS mindfulness and instruction is apparent. 

We work in the regions of wellbeing aptitudes, maternal and youngster wellbeing and nourishment, family arranging, immature conceptive wellbeing and HIV/AIDS. Specifically, we underline administration to at-danger populaces, for example, vagrants and powerless youngsters (OVCs) and individuals living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIVs). 

The significance of exhaustive, all encompassing consideration is unequivocally reflected in our project outline. We not just give instruction and help with social insurance, additionally prepare group pioneers and people to create mastery in home-based care and backing, for example, maternal and kid care, psychosocial advising, or HIV/AIDS-related consideration, so they can help their groups lead more advantageous lives. 

The essential targets of OIC International's Health, Nutrition and HIV/AIDS projects are to: 

Lessen predominance of lack of healthy sustenance 

Lessen levels of horribleness 

Enhance newborn child and youthful kid nourishing and tend to ladies and kids 

Forestall and oversee infections, including HIV/AIDS 

Advance sound sustenance and solid ways of life.

Lung Diseases Affecting the Chest Wall

The mid-section divider likewise assumes a critical part in relaxing. Muscles associate the ribs to each other, helping the mid-section to extend. The stomach plunges with every breath in, additionally creating mid-section extension.

Stoutness hypoventilation disorder

Extra weight on the mid-section and mid-region makes it troublesome for the mid-section to extend. Genuine breathing issues can come about.

Neuromuscular disarranges

Poor capacity in the nerves controlling the respiratory muscles causes trouble relaxing. Amyotrophic parallel sclerosis and myasthenia gravis are illustrations of neuromuscular lung sickness.

Lung Diseases Affecting the Pleura

The pleura is a flimsy covering that encompasses the lung and lines within the mid-section divider. A small layer of liquid permits the pleura on the lung's surface to slide along the mid-section divider with every breath. Lung ailments of the pleura include:

Pleural radiation

Fluid gathers in the ordinarily little pleura space between the lung and the mid-section divider. Pneumonia or heart disappointment is generally dependable. Assuming huge, pleural radiations can impede breathing, and ought to be depleted.

Pneumothorax

Air may enter the space between the mid-section divider and the lung, giving way the lung. To evacuate the air, a tube is commonly embedded through the mid-section divider.

Mesothelioma

An uncommon type of disease that structures on the pleura. Mesothelioma has a tendency to develop a very long while after asbestos presentation.

Lung Diseases Affecting Blood Vessels

Lung Diseases Affecting Blood Vessels

The right half of the heart gets low-oxygen blood from the veins. It pumps blood into the lungs through the aspiratory conduits. These veins can experience the ill effects of sickness, also. 

Aspiratory embolism (PE)

A blood coagulation (more often than not in a profound leg vein, profound vein thrombosis) severs, goes to the heart, and is pumped into the lungs. The coagulation lodges in a pneumonic course, frequently bringing on shortness of breath and low blood oxygen levels. 

Aspiratory hypertension

Various conditions can prompt hypertension in the pneumonic supply routes. This can bring about shortness of breath and mid-section torment. At the point when no cause is recognized, the condition is called idiopathic pneumonic blood vessel hypertension.

Lung Diseases Affecting the Airways

The trachea (windpipe) branches into tubes called bronchi, which thusly branch to end up continuously 
littler tubes all through the lungs. Infections that influence the aviation routes include: 

Asthma

The aviation routes are diligently kindled, and may incidentally fit, bringing on wheezing and shortness 
of breath. Sensitivities, diseases, or contamination can trigger asthma's manifestations. 

Unending obstructive pneumonic ailment (COPD)

Lung conditions characterized by a failure to breathe out regularly, which causes trouble relaxing. 

Perpetual bronchitis

A type of COPD portrayed by an unending gainful hack. 

Emphysema

Lung harm permits air to be caught in the lungs in this type of COPD. 
Trouble blowing let some circulation into is its trademark. 

Intense bronchitis

A sudden contamination of the aviation routes, as a rule by an infection. 

Cystic fibrosis

• A hereditary condition bringing about poor leeway of bodily fluid from the bronchi 
• The amassed bodily fluid results in rehashed lung diseases.

Lung Diseases Affecting the Air Sacs (Alveoli)

The aviation routes in the long run branch into modest tubes (bronchioles) that deadlock into groups of air sacs called alveoli. These air sacs make up a large portion of the lung tissue. Lung maladies influencing the alveoli include: 

Pneumonia

A contamination of the alveoli, as a rule by microbes. 

Tuberculosis

A gradually dynamic pneumonia brought about by the microbes Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 

Emphysema results from harm to the delicate associations between alveoli. Smoking is the standard cause. (Emphysema limits wind stream, influencing the aviation routes too.) 

Aspiratory edema

Fluid breaks out of the little veins of the lung into the air sacs and the encompassing zone. One structure is brought on by heart disappointment and back weight in the lungs' veins; in another structure, direct harm to the lung causes the break of liquid. 

Lung growth has numerous structures, and may create in any part of the lungs. Regularly this is in the principle part of the lung, in or close to the air sacs. The sort, area, and spread of lung disease decides the treatment alternatives. 

Intense respiratory trouble disorder (ARDS)

Severe, sudden harm to the lungs brought about by a genuine sickness. Life support with mechanical ventilation is typically expected to make due until the lungs recoup. 

Pneumoconiosis

A class of conditions brought on by the inward breath of a substance that harms the lungs. Samples incorporate dark lung sickness from breathed in coal dust and asbestosis from breathed in asbestos dust.